For patients diagnosed with lymphedema, having the proper care and treatment is essential to minimize swelling and to prevent damage to the tissues. With lymphedema, the excessive fluid, or lymph, is not moved through the body internally, so external compression and the use of lymphedema therapy can be used to drain the fluid buildup.
The Basics of Lymphedema
When the lymph system is normally functioning, lymph is moved through the body via the lymph vessels and nodes. This is very different than the circulatory system which relies on the pumping action of the heart to create the movement.
Problems with the lymph system, and the need for lymphedema therapy, can be caused by primary or secondary issues. Primary lymphedema is cause by a malformation or absence of lymph nodes and/or vessels, which is a condition that will be present at birth.
Secondary lymphedema is the more common condition, and it can occur because of injury, disease, infections, the development of internal scar tissue, and through some types of medical treatment, particularly for cancer. The development of lymphedema can occur very rapidly after the triggering event, or it can develop over time.
How Therapy Helps
There are different types of lymphedema therapy options that are used with patients. The specific therapeutic approach is determined by the stage of lymphedema diagnosed. As with any medical treatment and management option, lymphedema therapy is most effective when started early, which means early after detection of the condition.
The most common options for lymphedema therapy include the use of specific techniques that the lymphedema therapist will provide to the patient. In addition, the therapist will use a gentle massage, known as manual lymph drainage, along with compression therapy, exercises and skin care. Collectively this is known as complete decongestive therapy (CDT), which is recognized worldwide as a highly effective option for the management of lymphedema.
Ongoing Management
In addition to the immediate lymphedema therapy, the therapist will also work with the patient on long-term management. This will include eliminating problematic movements and activities that contribute to the risk of swelling. It may also include the ongoing use of compression garments, how to care for the skin to prevent infections and problems, as well as how to maintain optimal nutrition and weight levels to assist the body in maintaining overall good health.
